Reinforcement Learning (RL)

Friendly Description: Reinforcement Learning is teaching an AI through rewards and consequences, kind of like training a puppy with treats. The AI tries something, sees what happens, and learns to repeat actions that lead to good outcomes and avoid ones that don't. Over many tries, it figures out smart strategies all on its own.

Example: AI that plays games like chess or Go often learns through reinforcement learning. The system starts out playing randomly, slowly notices which moves tend to lead to wins, and after millions of games becomes strong enough to beat world champions, all without anyone explicitly teaching it strategy.